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大家好，我是轻松考研倡导者周富贵老师，2020考研的帷幕尚未完全落下，但2021考研的硝烟已经拉开。考研政治可能对很多人来说是一门比较轻松容易的学科社会历史发展，但也是很多人容易与别人拉开差距的学科。为了帮助大家轻松学习考研政治，从今天开始，我将会按照马原、史纲、思修、毛中特的顺序为大家每天更新考研政治每日一讲，希望大家多多关注支持。每天学一点，考研很轻松：
作者简介：内蒙古师范大学马克思主义学院教师，2016级东北师范大学马克思主义中国化研究专业考研初试复试第一名，考研政治86分获得者。原新东方考研政治助教、中公考研政治讲师。
知识精讲：
1.社会基本矛盾是社会发展的根本动力
社会基本矛盾作为社会发展的根本动力，它在社会发展中的作用主要表现在：
（1）生产力是社会基本矛盾运动中最基本的动力因素，是人类社会发展和进步的最终决定力量。
（2）社会基本矛盾特别是生产力和生产关系的矛盾社会历史发展，是“一切历史冲突的根源”，决定着社会中其他矛盾的存在和发展。
（3）社会基本矛盾具有不同的表现形式和解决方式，并从根本上影响和促进社会形态的变化和发展。
2.阶级斗争是阶级对立社会发展的直接动力
（1）阶级斗争对阶级社会发展的推动作用突出地表现在社会形态的更替中。
（2）阶级斗争的作用还表现在同一社会形态的量变过程中。
3.革命对社会发展的巨大作用
“革命是历史的火车头”,是“社会进步和政治进步的强大推动力”。社会革命在社会发展中的重要作用表现在：
（1）社会革命是实现社会形态更替的重要手段和决定性环节。
（2）革命使人民群众创造历史的积极性和主动性得到充分发挥。
（3）无产阶级革命将会为消除阶级对抗，并充分利用全人类的文明成果，促进社会全面进步而创造条件。
4.科学技术在社会发展中的作用
（1）对生产方式产生了深刻影响。
（2）对生活方式产生了巨大影响。
（3）促进了思维方式的变革。
真题训练：
1.历史唯物主义认为，阶级斗争在阶级社会中的作用是（多选题）
A．生产力发展的动因
B．迫使统治阶级做出某些让步的重要手段
C.生产力发展的根本动力
D．社会发展的直接动力
E．社会形态更替的杠杆
2.下列属于历史唯物主义的基本原理的有
A．人类社会是自然的历史过程
B．社会基本矛盾是社会发展的基本动力
C．人民群众是历史的创造者
D．阶级斗争是社会发展的根本动力
E．社会存在决定社会意识，社会意识反作用于社会存在
昨日真题答案解析：
1.C【解析】社会形态的定义。
2.ACD【解析】一个民族之所以作出这种或那种选择，有其特定的原因：一是取决于民族利益。二是取决于交往。三是取决于对历史必然性以及本民族特点的把握程度。主体的选择性和社会发展的决定性是内在统一的。因为：①主体选择的对象只能存在于可能性空间中，可能性空间是选择活动的前提，而这个可能性空间却是由人们不能自由选择的生产力和其他既定条件所决定的。②主体的历史选择有既定前提并受社会规律的制约，它不能改变人类历史的总体进程。社会发展的决定性是在主体的选择和创造过程中实现的，主体的选择性是社会发展决定性的实现方式。③人类社会发展是合规律性与合目的性的统—，是自然历史过程与人的自觉创造过程的统—。
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